home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- <text id=90TT2914>
- <link 93TG0097>
- <title>
- Nov. 05, 1990: "We Gave At The Pump"
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
- Nov. 05, 1990 Reagan Memoirs
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- BUSINESS, Page 52
- "We Gave at the Pump"
- </hdr><body>
- <p>Oil companies tout their restraint, but many ring up big profits
- </p>
- <p> Are oil companies ripping off their customers? As the
- gyrating price of crude sends quakes through the world economy,
- consumers and politicians have hurled angry accusations that
- Big Oil is using the crisis to maximize profits. Those
- suspicions only grew stronger last week, when several leading
- oil companies reported that their earnings rose sharply in the
- July-September quarter. At Phillips Petroleum, profits more
- than doubled, to $178 million. Unocal's earnings were up 53%,
- to $121 million. The Justice Department and the Senate are
- investigating oil pricing. And some legislators, notably
- Senator Joseph Lieberman, a Connecticut Democrat, are calling
- for a new windfall-profits tax. Said he: "The escalating price
- of oil is the result of panic, speculation and price gouging
- during a time of national crisis."
- </p>
- <p> Yet so far the criticism has not reached the fever pitch of
- the 1970s, when Big Oil's "obscene" profits inspired a wave of
- legislative controls. The oil companies contend that they have
- heeded President Bush's admonition to show restraint at the gas
- pump. In fact, while oil prices at the end of last week stood
- at about $33 per bbl., or 65% higher than they were just before
- Iraq invaded Kuwait, average U.S. gasoline prices were only 31%
- higher, or $1.38 per gal. for unleaded regular. Said Holly
- Hutchins, a spokesman for Shell Oil: "We gave up a considerable
- amount at the pump to meet the President's request."
- </p>
- <p> Energy consumers complain, however, that Big Oil has been
- less moderate in boosting prices of other products. Heating
- fuel has risen about 45%, to 88 cents per gal. The biggest
- run-up has occurred in jet fuel, which has zoomed 100%, to
- $1.40 per gal. "Petroleum producers are reluctant to stick it
- to the little guy, so I think they are attempting to shift more
- of the expense to a place where the average consumer won't see
- it immediately," contends David Messing, a spokesman for
- Continental Airlines.
- </p>
- <p> At a time when the recessionary economy was hurting the
- airlines anyway, the oil jolt has hit the industry particularly
- hard. For Continental, the doubling of fuel prices increased
- monthly expenses by $80 million. To pass along some of their
- higher costs, several carriers boosted airfares last week for
- the third time since August. Still, the higher fuel prices seem
- certain to intensify airline industry consolidation as weaker
- companies falter. Continental, which filed for bankruptcy in
- 1982, narrowly avoided a second reorganization last week when
- its management decided instead to consider selling planes and
- other assets. Pan Am meanwhile agreed to sell some of its few
- remaining crown jewels -- principally its London routes and
- gates -- to United for $400 million.
- </p>
- <p> In the oil industry, not all companies have profited
- handsomely from the rise in crude prices. The big winners are
- mostly firms that own large petroleum reserves as well as those
- that sell large amounts of gasoline or oil products to others
- at wholesale. Arco, for example, which controls a large stake
- in Alaska's North Slope, enjoyed third-quarter earnings of $462
- million, up 22% from last year. Some companies were losers
- because they lack major reserves but operate large retail
- networks of gas stations. Mobil, which buys an unusually high
- proportion (60%) of its crude oil from other companies,
- suffered a profit slump of 29%, to $379 million for the
- quarter.
- </p>
- <p> Nonetheless, consumer advocates charge that some oil
- companies are hiding their profits and delaying their windfalls
- through imaginative accounting methods. Said Edwin Rothschild,
- the energy policy director for Citizen Action: "We're likely
- to see some fat profits in the fourth quarter." The oil
- companies dispute that charge. "It's all there in our earnings
- statement for everybody to see. There's no hocus-pocus," said
- Michael Thompson, an Amoco spokesman. Even as they pay more for
- fuel, consumers should take consolation in the effect of their
- griping. If not for the public scrutiny, gasoline prices would
- no doubt be higher.
- </p>
- <p>By Janice Castro. Reported by Thomas McCarroll/New York and
- Richard Woodbury/Houston.
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
-
-